Development and Application of Refractory Castables for Aluminum Melting Furnaces

01. Preface Overview

An aluminum smelting furnace is used for smelting aluminum ingots and scrap aluminum, the operating temperature is between 80~1300℃, and the temperature is not too high. The molten aluminum furnace mouth part, because of charging, slag picking, and other operations, needs to frequently open and close the furnace door.
When the door is opened, the degree of furnace mouth-resistant material will drop sharply.

When charging, (at present, the domestic general use fork charging), workers inevitably will operate on the furnace door by some mechanical collision, joining the scrap, the material will produce violent friction on the door.

When the furnace door is closed, the temperature of the furnace mouth-resistant material will rise sharply, with thermal expansion and contraction, and great thermal stress. In this repeated operation process, the furnace’s mouth lining body frequently undergoes rapid cold and heat, mechanical collision, and material friction. Öyleyse, it is necessary to use refractory material with high strength, friction resistance, and resistance to rapid cold and heat.

02. Factors Affecting The Life Of The Refractory Material At The Furnace Door

The service life of the refractory material in the lower part of the furnace door of the aluminum melting furnace is mainly affected by the following factors:
1. Ordinary refractories in the temperature range of 780 ~ 900 ℃, it is difficult to sinter to produce strength. This results in low strength at operating temperature.
2. The lower charge opening area is subject to collision and strong mechanical wear of aluminum blocks.
3. When the furnace is produced intermittently or the raw material is added, the strong thermal shock generates great thermal stress when the temperature is sharply cold and hot.
4. Improper operation method in construction and maintenance, causing damage to the internal structure of the castable.

03. Production Process Of Refractory Castable For Aluminum Melting Furnace

1. Add compound superfine powder to the castable so that it can produce sintering in advance. Add a sufficient amount of pure calcium aluminate cement to ensure that the material has sufficient strength at operating temperature.
2. Design the micro-expansion performance, so that the resistant material always keeps the volume stable in the use temperature, without shrinkage or excess expansion.
3. Add mullite and steel fiber to increase the thermal shock stability of the resistant material and increase the flexibility strength of the material. Refractory castables for aluminum melting furnaces should have good thermal shock stability, yüksek sıcaklık dayanımı, iyi tokluk, and other properties to meet the requirements of an aluminum melting furnace.

04. Physical And Chemical Properties And Characteristics Of Castable For Aluminum Melting Furnace

AL2O3≥70%, bulk density≥2.6t/m, compressive strength110℃*24≥70MPa, 1300℃*3h≥90mpa.
Main characteristics: yüksek güç, high toughness, stable volume after burning, strong load-bearing capacity, resistance to mechanical friction and collision, and good thermal shock stability.

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